List of the most popular hashtags for theme #MOLECULEOFTHEDAY

Bongkrek acid is an unsaturated fatty acid and natural toxin produced by the bacteria "Burkholderia gladioli cocovenenans" that grows on coconut pulp. With an LD50 of 1 mg/kg intravenously or orally, bongkrek acid is a respiratory poison about tenfold more potent than cyanide. It is an inhibitor of ADP/ATP translocase and prevents ATP synthesized in the mitochondria from being exported to supply energy to the rest of the cell. Tempeh bongkrek is a traditional food of the Indonesian island of Java, cooked from soybeans and coconut that have been fermented with a Rhizopus fungus. However, due to occasional contamination with cocovenenans, hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries were reported. This variety of tempeh was banned in 1988, although it continues to be prepared illegally for its cheapness and popular taste. Poisoning cases have also occurred in China among consumers of fermented corn products. More recently in 2015, a local beer in Mozambique was contaminated with bongkrek acid and caused 75 deaths. #forbiddensnacks #chemistry #organicchemistry #inorganicchemistry #chemistrylab #chemistry_lab #chemistrylife #chemistrylifestyle #chemistryfun #chemistryisfun #chemistrylove #chemistrylovers #chemistrydaily #chemistrynotes #chemistryeducation #quimica #chemie #science #chemical #chemicals #molecule #molecules #moleculeoftheday #bongkrek #tempe #tempeh #chemistryrules #chemistryfacts #chemistrylover #chemistryislife Requested by @gimmi_meloni

Pyrene belongs to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) group. These are organic compounds which have two or more fused benzene rings in linear, angular and cluster arrangements. Pyrene is a four ring PAH. It is usually formed due to the incomplete combustion of organic compounds. It is used in the synthesis of dyes and dye precursors. The derivatives of pyrene are employed as molecular probes in fluorescence spectroscopy. #fourring #PAH #beautifulmolecule #chemistryisbeautiful #sigmaaldrich #chemistry #chemicals #moleculeoftheday #science #laboratory #supelco #48570

Our #caffeine #molecule necklace, big and powerful (also available in small) Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that is a #psychoactive stimulant. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is the world’s most widely consumed psychoactive substance, but, unlike many other psychoactive substances, is legal and unregulated in nearly all jurisdictions. Beverages containing caffeine, such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks, enjoy great popularity; in North America, 90% of adults consume caffeine daily. #coffeelover #butfirstcoffee #moleculeoftheday #science #chemistry #lovechemistry #moleculelove #chemist #chemlab #orgo #instafact

Triphenylene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing four fused benzene rings. It possesses a wide band gap and has favourable charge carrier mobilities due to its rigid structure. Triphenylene can be used in a variety of applications such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), polymeric solar cells (PSCs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). #polyciclic #usedin #OLED #PSC #OFET #cuttingedge #sigmaaldrich #chemistry #chemicals #moleculeoftheday #science #laboratory #sial #45804

Chlorine is the element with atomic number 17, classified as a halogen and forming diatomic molecules. It is a toxic and pungent yellow-green gas that can be condensed to likewise colorful liquid and solid states. With the highest electron affinity and third-highest electronegativity of all elements, chlorine is very reactive and not found isolated in nature. Chlorine was discovered in 1774 when Carl Wilhelm Scheele oxidized HCl with manganese dioxide. In 1810, Sir Humphry Davy showed that this substance was an element, not a compound, and named it after the Greek "chloros" meaning yellow-green. The 1890s saw the rise of the chloralkali process, in which chlorine is mass-produced via electrolysis of brine ( 2 NaCl + 2 H2O = Cl2 + H2 + 2 NaOH ), and which persists to this day as the source of basically all chlorinated chemicals except NaCl. By volume, vinyl chloride is the most important product, being the monomer of PVC plastic. Other organic chlorides are ubiquitous solvents like dichloromethane, chloroform, and perchloroethylene. Important inorganic products are HCl, hypochlorites, chlorates, and the binary chlorides of a plethora of metals and nonmetals (eg. PCl3, AlCl3, SiCl4, TiCl4, FeCl3, ZnCl2). Aside from its use as a precursor, chlorine is widely employed for water disinfection, greatly reducing bacterial diseases like cholera and typhoid that used to frequently arise from water tank contaminations. Lastly, chlorine gas was deployed as a chemical weapon in World War I, early on before the development of mustard and phosgene. Corrosive acid and bleach are produced at the site of chlorine contact with mucous membranes, causing irritation at levels as low as 1 ppm. Above 30 ppm causes shortness of breath, chest pain, pneumonitis and pulmonary edema; 1000 ppm is fatal with a single breath. #forbiddensnacks #chemistry #organicchemistry #inorganicchemistry #chemistrylab #chemistry_lab #chemistrylife #chemistrylifestyle #chemistryfun #chemistryisfun #chemistrylove #chemistrylovers #chemistrydaily #chemistrynotes #chemistryeducation #quimica #chemie #science #chemical #chemicals #molecule #molecules #moleculeoftheday #chlorine #chloride #sodiumchloride

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is an inorganic acid widely found in both industry and research. The pure form is a white crystalline solid, melting at 42 °C, but it is usually handled as an 85% aqueous solution. Phosphoric acid as a triprotic acid has three ionizable hydrogens, so it can exist as four different species depending on the pH and can buffer the pH in the three transition ranges. Phosphoric acid is produced industrially from treatment of mined apatite ores with sulfuric acid, and 90 percent of this is used for fertilizer. The remainder is applied towards soaps and detergents, food additives, pH adjustment of personal products (eg. cosmetics, toothpaste), water treatment, semiconductor etching, and laboratory research. Food-grade phosphoric acid is further purified by a roundabout process. This entails reduction in a furnace, distillation of the elemental red phosphorus, and burning to give phosphorus pentoxide which is absorbed into water to give very pure phosphoric acid. Although phosphoric acid is entirely non-toxic, and is in fact essential to life, the concentrated solutions are still highly corrosive and must be handled carefully. #forbiddensnacks #chemistry #organicchemistry #inorganicchemistry #chemistrylab #chemistry_lab #chemistrylife #chemistrylifestyle #chemistryfun #chemistryisfun #chemistrylove #chemistrylovers #chemistrydaily #chemistrynotes #chemistryeducation #quimica #chemie #science #chemical #chemicals #molecule #molecules #moleculeoftheday #phosphorus #phosphoricacid #chemnotes #chemlab #chemclass #studychemistry #lovechemistry Requested by @_clem_92

Adenine is an important building block of life. It is one of the four chemical bases found in DNA , the other three being guanine, cytosine and thymine. It participates in the biosynthesis of proteins through its role in messenger RNA molecules. It is also found in ATP, which is what gives us energy . Interestingly, adenine is an approved additive to an anticoagulant by extending the shelf life of red blood cells, thus helping in blood transfusion. Thanks @_cak.adi for the suggestion! #photooftheday #chemistry #art #moleculeoftheday #biology #buildingblcok #life #base #dna #rna #mrna #atp #energy #blood #redbloodcells #transfusion #hospital #anticoagulant #proteins #additive

Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) is the most commonly available borohydride, synthesized by reacting methylborate with sodium hydride in mineral oil. It is employed as a precursor for producing other metal borohydrides. It will selectively reduce aldehydes and ketones into their corresponding alcohols in the presence of other functional groups such as nitro, ester, amide, lactone, epoxide, and nitriles that are otherwise susceptible to reduction. It is considered a promising candidate for hydrogen storage applications. #NaBH₄ #promisingcandidate #for #hydrogren #storage #applications #sigmaaldrich #chemistry #chemicals #moleculeoftheday #science #laboratory #aldrich #71320

4-Methoxycarbonylcubanecarboxylic acid is a tertiary carboxylic acid that can undergo iododecarboxylation using 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DIH) as both reaction initiator and iodine source under irradiative conditions. Its reduction with sodium borohydride in solvents such as dioxane, water, and ioxane-tetrahydrofuran has been investigated for use of the respective products in pharmaceutical applications. #3Dboxmolecule #chemistrydoodles #sigmaaldrich #chemistry #chemicals #moleculeoftheday #science #laboratory #aldrich #901001