xray lada ladaxray vesta ladavesta vestasw веста stovesta vestaswcross стовеста лада xraycross автоваз largus иксрей rcinews cross suv иксрейкросс кроссовер renault duster logan sandero vestacross avto avtogermes granta авто1 ваз creta
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#رادیولوژی #دانشجو #دانشجویی #کنکور
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This is why we tell kids to not run with things in their mouths...
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Credit: anonymous
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REVIEW THE BONES: read on for some tips on reviewing bones on a chest X-ray
I do not consider a chest X-Ray review complete until I have outlined every bone - it is important to make sure that all visible bones are looked at including the posterior and anterior ribs, vertebrae if visible, clavicles and scapulae
What are we looking for?
▫️A break in cortex or deviated contour that may suggest an acute fracture. This can change the context of the X-Ray. For example a simple pleural effusion can become a haemothorax if there are acute rib fractures
▫️Callus formation around bone in keeping with old fractures - old X-rays are useful to compare to for this
▫️Missing bone is suggestive of a malignant process such as a bone metastasis or myeloma
▫️The shoulders are difficult to assess on CXR but gross pathology such as fracture or a large dislocation should be possible to assess
Have a system for looking at the ribs. The upper ribs can be the most tricky as the first and second tend to overlie each other. A missing rib may be the only sign of malignancy on a chest X-Ray so it is vital that you have a system to review for this. I end every CXR by zooming up and following each rib I can see. It is not that fun to do but it is necessary!
Swipe to see a diagram detailing how to differentiate between cervical and thoracic vertebrae - this becomes important when identifying cervical ribs
FOLLOW @theradiologistpage FOR MORE PRACTICAL TIPS ON REVIEWING X-RAYS
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March pin board update!
Follow, like & tag a mate and ill pick a winner Sunday to choose a pin for each of you! Thanks & good luck! Ps - Bart & Totoro pins are now back in stock.
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Check out this annotated X-Ray which shows you where some of the main pelvic muscles attach
Why is it important to know this?
Other than being a classic exam question, in radiology this really helps us when assessing an X-Ray for a potential avulsion fracture
REMEMBER
▫️TENDONS connect muscle to bone
▫️LIGAMENTS connect bone to bone
Avulsion fractures happen when a ligament or tendon pulls off a fragment of bone. Therefore if we know where the main muscles attach we can predict where these avulsion fractures can occur
This means when looking at an X-Ray when you’re reviewing structures such as the lesser or greater trochanter you need to look around the bone for small fragments of bone that could represent an avulsion - we do see these fractures!
Here’s a list of the attachments we can see on the diagram:
1️⃣Multiple abdominal muscles ➡️ Iliac crest
2️⃣Sartorius ➡️ Anterior superior iliac spine
3️⃣Rectus femoris ➡️ Anterior inferior iliac spine
4️⃣Gluteus medius/minimus, piriformis, obturator internus, superior/inferior gemellus ➡️ Greater trochanter
5️⃣iliopsoas ➡️ Lesser trochanter
6️⃣Hamstrings (semimembranous, semitendinous, biceps femoris long head) and adductor magnus ➡️ Ischial tuberosity
7️⃣Adductor muscles (adductor longus and brevis) and rectus abdominis ➡️ Pubic symphysis
Let me know if you found this useful!
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