Список из самых популярных хештегов по теме #ORGCHEM

#organicchemistry #organiclab #science #chem #chemistry #buble #extraction #orgchem

Please protect me! And get rid of that leak! Sometimes you need to protect your ketone from being attacked by a nucleophile and one way to do that is to convert it to an acetal. This type of reaction is commonly done with ethylene glycol and a catalytic amount of acid in toluene. However, this generates water as byproduct which is also a nucleophile. Water will attack the activated carbonyl and the reaction will go backwards towards the starting carbonyl. A simple method to get rid of the water and drive the reaction to completion is to use the Dean-Stark apparatus. This piece of glassware is fitted with a condenser and connected to your reaction flask. When the reaction is refluxed, water boils over and condenses into the trap. And because water is denser than toluene, it will not flow back into your reaction flask. #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #undergrad #postgrad #protection #acetal #ketone

Ah the good ol' Grignard boy. Possibly the most well known reaction in ochem. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic reaction in which a Grignard reagent is added to a carbonyl group. The product is an alcohol with a newly installed C-C bond. The mechanism of how this reaction occurs is not well understood but is thought to proceed through a six-membered ring transition state. This reaction occurs over two steps. The first step is the preparation of the Grignard reagent that is installed on the carbonyl followed by the second step which is the protonation of the hydroxyl group and quenching of the Mg salt. It is also ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL that no water is present in this reaction. Why? #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #undergrad #postgrad #grignard #organometallic #mgbr

What type of soup are we gonna have for dinner? There are many different types of solvents out there that you can use for your reactions. Depending on your substrates and the type of reaction, you can use polar protic solvents such as methanol or something that is aprotic but polar like acetonitrile. Or, if your substrate is not very soluble in polar solvents, you can use something like toluene or diethylether. In some cases your reactions (like lithiation reactions) can only be carried out in non-protic solvents otherwise you will protonate it! The type of solvent you use can also influence the performance of the reaction - promote product formation smoothly or sluggish. #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #reactions #exam #solvents #solvent

What the nef is going on here The Nef reaction is the acid hydrolysis of a nitro alkane salt to an aldehyde or a ketone. The first step is the preparation of the salt by reacting the nitro alkane with a strong base like NaOH. A strong acid like H2SO4 is then added to form the iminium intermediate which is then attacked by the generated H2O. This intermediate rearranges under acidic conditions to the oxonium ion that loses a proton to form the ketone or aldehyde. A neat Nef indeed. #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #undergrad #postgrad #nef

I want a larger ring with a Valyrian phrase engraved on it! H2SO4 can be used to expand a ring that contains an alcohol group and an alkyl group on the alpha carbon. When this cyclic molecule is treated with H2SO4, the alcohol will be protonated and converted into a leaving group. This will then generate a secondary cation but a tertiary cation can be created by expanding the ring. The tertiary cation is now on the alpha carbon where the alkyl group is. The last step is the formation of the alkene by restoring the sulfuric acid to its former glory. #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #undergrad #elimination #ringexpansion #h2so4

Share from @princeoforgchem [You should follow this account, has several marvelous posts☉] ・・・ Barman, hit me up with a Tollens beer! One way to oxidize an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid is to use the Tollens' reagent. It is a reagent that consists of a solution of silver nitrate, ammonia and sodium hydroxide. The silver complex [Ag(NH3)2]NO3 is prepared in situ that abstracts an electron from the aldehyde. The aldehyde is now oxidized and has a radical on the O atom. The hydroxide ion then attacks the carbocation followed by a radical reaction to generate a geminal diol intermediate. In the next sequence, the silver abstracts another electron and the intermediate then completes the radical reaction to form the carboxylic acid. But, because the pH of this reaction is basic, the carboxylic acid will be in the deprotonated form. After an acid workup to drop the pH, you will then have the desired carboxylic acid. (The sodium complexes have been omitted for clarity). @princeoforgchem, thanks for sharing this! ⚛ #orgchem #organicchemistry #ochem #chemistry #science #study #college #bioorganicchemistry #orgo #quimicaorganica #organicchem #mcatprep #mcat #alevelchemistry #chemistryteacher #premed #prepharmacy #organic #university #undergrad #postgrad #tollens #tollensreagent #chemistrystudent

Copper catalyzed reactions ❤️(Shared by: @opsenicalab) #catalysis #crosscoupling #organic #chemistry #opsenicalab #orgchem #reaction #science #research #phd #organicchemistry #lookatthatred #red #complex #belgrade #facultyofchemistry #universityofbelgrade #ika #ikaworldwide #lookattheblue #thanksforsharing

THE COOLEST STUFF WE DO IN THE LAB. . Do you know why things look colourful? because of their electronic structure and the way electrons are organised into different levels of energy. It's the most beautiful prove of how the modern theory of quantum mechanics applies to chemistry . Electrons in atoms and molecules aren't spinning around in a random way. ‍♂️‍♀️ The modern theory of the molecular orbital says that we can't never be 100% sure where an electron is. We only know there's 95% of probability to find it somewhere around the nucleus. And this is what we call an orbital. . . . Orbitals accomodate electrons with different energy. Usually electrons fill orbitals with little energy. However when we give them some energy they can jump to more energetic levels. If the energy for this jump is of the same entity of the visible light, chemical stuff looks colourful. . . Did you know this stuff? . . . For heavy organic chemistry: the compound in the funnel is a stable carbonation. Pretty awesome because this species are usually very instable. chemistry is awesome. . @chem.with.kellen did an awesome post on p orbitals too. Check it out . #featurethechemistry #Nextgenchem #believeinyourself #scientistswhorock